This page collects chart templates, and it's worth being upfront about what that means: it's a shortlist we've put together, not a formal category like bar charts or maps elsewhere on this site. Bar chart, line chart, pie chart, choropleth map, scatter plot and treemap: six templates chosen because between them they answer almost every question a reporter, analyst or student runs into when a spreadsheet needs to become a picture.
Each one solves a different problem. A bar chart ranks categories against each other; a line chart tracks a number as it moves through time. Pie charts show how a whole splits into parts, though only when there aren't too many of them, while a choropleth map colors a shape by a value so a country or state can carry its own number. Scatter plots check whether two numeric variables move together, and a treemap packs a hierarchy, categories inside categories, into nested rectangles sized by value. If your data doesn't fit any of these six, it's a sign you need a more specific template, not that these are wrong.
We picked this set because it's a reasonable default, not because it's exhaustive. PlotSet has dozens of chart types built for narrower jobs: dumbbell charts for before-and-after comparisons, population pyramids for age-and-gender demographics, Sankey diagrams for flows. Start here if you're not sure what you need; move to a dedicated chart category once you know.